课程主页: https://web.stanford.edu/class/cs224w

笔记原文: https://archives.leni.sh/stanford/CS224w.pdf or CS224w Notes

参考资料:

• twelfth-star/CS224W-Winter2023: 斯坦福 CS224W（2023 Winter）的中文笔记、作业与Colab | Chinese notes, homwork and colabs of Stanford CS224W (2023 Winter)
• 斯坦福CS224W图机器学习、图神经网络、知识图谱【同济子豪兄】_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

prompt:

Translate only the section **"6 Theory of Graph Neural Networks"** from the following English lecture notes on Graph Neural Networks into Chinese. 
- Output the translation in a Markdown code block. 
- Preserve the structure and formatting. 
- Use LaTeX syntax (`$$`) for mathematical formulas. 
- Ensure the translation is **complete** and accurate.

注: 因为并不是研究理论, 选择了部分章节学习和翻译